Describing race, gender, and sexuality in your games?

As a GM, I want to be as respectful as possible and empowering at my table when presenting a diverse world and cast of characters. What are the ideal ways to do this? Is it better to be explicit about race, gender, and sexuality (as opposed to playing "coy" with such information)? What are some common pitfalls or stereotypes that should be avoided when describing these traits in characters?

For describing race, I find "medieval fantasy" settings difficult. Describing a character as white or black works pretty much universally across different settings, but what about people of other races (Latino or Asian for example)? Is it better to be real-world descriptive? Is it appropriate to be more specific (describing someone being of Vietnamese descent as opposed to simply Asian)?

For characters' gender - particularly for nonbinary or transgender characters - is this alright or even encouraged to state explicitly?

These questions come from a white, cis, male GM who wants to develop tools for making my games more diverse in a considerate, respectful way. These questions come from a place of genuine inquisitiveness, and I hope that the responses to this post carry the same respect.

*Edited to be more respectful!