If you spoke another language at home than what you used at school all your life, do you understand the language differently than an adult learner?

For example, i live in the US, and my parents were immigrants. At home, I've communicated mostly in polish, then i went to school and used english there. And everyday of my life it was just english at school, polish at home.

My question is, would somebody who learned polish as a second language in their adulthood, like in their 20s for example, understand the language differently then me? Because I've been speaking it since my first word? Is there some sort of neurological difference? Some sort of different brain pattern? Or is it all the same and it doesn't matter what stage of life you speak another language? Do I think differently than a monlingual? Do I have some sort of different kind of thought processing? Like maybe take word stress and sentence stress and which syllables get stressed, I dont really think about it, it just happens. For example, in this particular language the stress mainly falls on the second to last syllable most of the time, and it would just be difficult not to do it, it just sort of happens automatically if that makes sense.

Here, polish is just an example, you can apply this question to any language