Mid range weapons inferior?

Am I right to say that long range and close range weapons are more effective in BF V? This also seemed to be the case in BF 1 as well. Could be a skill issue, but I am new to the game so figured I'd ask.

Also it seems as though I often get one shotted a lot by snipers. But using the sniper class myself, it always takes two shots minimum. Do only the upper tier marksman rifles take one shot to kill?

Any advice on this would be greatly appreciated.